لورا ضد زيجبي: ما هي التكنولوجيا الأفضل للاتصال بإنترنت الأشياء؟

على مدى العقود القليلة الماضية, لقد حققت إنترنت الأشياء تقدمًا كبيرًا, ترسيخ مكانتها كملك التكنولوجيا في جميع مناحي الحياة. Right from smart wearables to home automation to smart cities, IoT is like a house on fire, continues to open up new possibilities, revamping our businesses and lives. As the transmission basis of the IoT, wireless communication technology has become a hot topic, with various technologies bringing forth new ones to share a big pie of the IoT market. Among the most popular التقنيات اللاسلكية, this article will focus on the differences between LoRa and Zigbee.

IoT development: introduction to LoRa and Zigbee

There are many wireless communication technologies in IoT applications that can help to establish a local or wide area network. The wireless technology of the LAN involves 2.4GHz WiFi, زيجبي, بلوتوث, إلخ., and the WAN includes 2G/3G/4G, إلخ. Before low power wide area networks (LPWAN), it seemed like you had to choose between low power and long distance. With the adoption of LPWAN technology, it’s possible to maximize longer-range communications and lower-power consumption, while saving on additional costs.

ما هو لورا

LoRa stands for long-range radio, which is a low-power WAN wireless standard adopted and promoted by American Semtech Company. Based on spread spectrum technology, it is one of the wireless communication technologies of LPWAN, performing well in terms of transmission distance and power consumption.

LoRa has longer distances than other wireless technologies for the same power consumption, providing a simple system with long distances, عمر بطارية طويل, and high capacity to scale sensor networks. The coverage of the Lora connection is 3-5 times that of traditional radio frequency communication. في الوقت الحالي, LoRa has been popularized all over the world and gradually applied to the Internet of Things.

What is Zigbee

Zigbee is a wireless network protocol for short-distance transmission, which is suitable for data transmission between a series of electronic components with short transmission distance, low transmission rate and low power consumption. It takes its name from the zig-zag dance of honey bees, as bees always dance with their wings to communicate the location of the pollen to their companions.

As a short-range, low-complexity, طاقة منخفضة, low-cost wireless communication technology, ZigBee wireless communication technology is based on IEEE802 15.4 wireless standard in networking, security and application software. The wide application of Zigbee in smart homes and industrial Internet of Things proves that it is a reliable and efficient wireless network solution.

Feature-by-feature comparison between LoRa and Zigbee

LoRa and Zigbee are different standards for wireless communication. To break down the differences, the following part will show you some of the common and uncommon comparisons between LoRa and Zigbee.

نطاق التردد: LoRa is designed to operate at frequencies between 863 ل 870 MHz in Europe, 902 ل 928 MHz in America, 915 ل 928 MHz in Asia, و 2.4 GHz worldwide, while Zigbee transmits over 868MHz in Europe, 915 MHz in America, and the global standard 2.4GHz Industrial Scientific and Medical (ISM) نطاق التردد.

Transmission range: In terms of transmission range, the maximum range for Zigbee-based wireless connections is 100 م, while for LoRa, it can extend well up to 15-20 كم. In LoRa, the range depends on numerous factors such as indoor or outdoor gateways, antenna used, إلخ. On average, LoRa can transmit signals over 3 miles (4.7 كم) in urban areas and 10 miles (16 كم) or more in rural areas.

Power consumption: The transmitting current of the LoRa chip is close to that of Zigbee, and the receiving current of LoRa is lower than that of Zigbee, both of which have lower power consumption. بشكل عام, the number of data packets sent and received by the terminal of the Zigbee system in networking and normal operation is larger than that of LoRa, and these interactions will also increase power consumption.

Data rate: The data transfer rate of LoRa varies from 300 bps to 37.5 كيلو بايت في الثانية, depending on the used bandwidth and spreading factor. Zigbee is able to deliver data at the rate of 250 كيلو بايت في الثانية, 100 كيلو بايت في الثانية, 40 كيلو بايت في الثانية, و 20 كيلو بايت في الثانية.

Topology: LoRa network architecture adopts a star-of-stars topology, in which gateways relay messages between the individual end devices and the central network server. There are various network topologies in Zigbee, including star, tree, peer-to-peer and mesh networks. Each topology has different effects on the routing of messages and the connection of devices.

يكلف: Due to the long-distance communication, strong wall-penetrating capability, and large system capacity of LoRa, the number of LoRa gateways required by the same number of terminals is much less than that of Zigbee gateways, which can save the networking cost of the system. Compared with Zigbee, the installation and deployment of LoRa devices are simpler, which greatly reduces their installation cost.

	لورا	زيجبي
Specifications authority	تحالف لورا	Zigbee Alliance
سنة التطوير	2009	1998
Standard	IEEE 802.15.4	IEEE 802.15.4
نطاق التردد	863 ل 870 ميغاهيرتز, 902 ل 928 ميغاهيرتز, 915 ل 928 ميغاهيرتز, 2.4 GHz worldwide	868ميغاهيرتز, 915 ميغاهيرتز, 2.4غيغاهيرتز
Transmission range	3 miles (4.7 كم) in urban areas, 10 miles (16 كم) or more in rural areas	10 ل 100 متر
Power consumption	300 bps to 37.5 كيلو بايت في الثانية	low
Data rate	lower compare to Zigbee	20 كيلو بايت في الثانية (868 ميغاهيرتز), 40Kbps (915 ميغاهيرتز) , 250 كيلو بايت في الثانية (2.4غيغاهيرتز)
Topology	star	star, tree, peer-to-peer and mesh
يكلف	low	middle
طلب	used as Wide Area Network	used as LR-WPAN i.e. low rate wireless personal area network

What are the pros and cons of LoRa and Zigbee

The different features of LoRa and Zigbee determine that they will have different advantages and limitations. Based on their special features above, here is an introduction to the main advantages and limitations of LoRa and Zigbee.

Advantages of LoRa

• Longer range: This is one of the prominent advantages of LoRa technology. The communication range of LoRa sensors is measured in kilometers.
• Low power equals more battery: Low power consumption means LoRa devices have a longer battery life, which can achieve a battery life of more than 10 سنين.
• مناعة رائعة للتدخل: LoRa adopts spread spectrum technology, which greatly improves the anti-interference ability of LoRa wireless communication. Even if signals are sent to the host with the same frequency simultaneously, these signals won’t interfere with each other, thus thoroughly addressing the pain point that wireless signal communication is easily interfered.
• Easy and fast deployment: The LoRa network basically adopts a star topology, handles less bandwidth, and is easy to expand. It is an obvious choice for practical IoT deployments where data transmission is unstable.

Limitations of LoRa

• Not ideal for large data payloads: LoRa is not ideal for large data payloads because it processes less bandwidth and transmits less data payloads.
• Unlicensed radio networks: LoRaWAN works on unlicensed radio networks, and as LoRa devices and network deployments grow, you may experience interference on that frequency.
• Less secure: The LoRa network layer and the application layer are generated from the same root key and random number and are not isolated from each other. لذلك, there are risks of data privacy leakage and data tampering due to private key leakage.

Advantages of Zigbee

• Flexible network structure: There is more than one network structure of Zigbee, but due to the short communication distance of Zigbee and the weak ability to penetrate walls, network expansion is difficult.
• High security: Zigbee adopts the AES-128 encryption algorithm, which provides three-level security during data transmission. Individual applications can flexibly determine their security properties.
• Short delay: Short delay means that Zigbee response promptly, typically switching from sleep to working mode in 15ms. علاوة على ذلك, one node can connect to the network in 30ms, further saving power.
• Large network capacity: A Zigbee network includes up to 255 Zigbee network nodes, of which one is a master device and the others are slave devices. If connected to each other through a network coordinator, the entire network can support more than considerable 64,000 Zigbee network nodes.

Limitations of Zigbee

• High cost: Due to the short communication distance of Zigbee, the cost is high for applications requiring the deployment of a large number of nodes. And when something goes wrong, replacement costs will be high.
• Limited transmission coverage: The limited coverage means that Zigbee is primarily applied in indoor environments rather than outdoor contexts.
• Complex deployment: Zigbee wireless network involves a large number of terminal nodes and gateways, so networking is complicated and network expansion is difficult.

Different use cases of Zigbee and LoRa connectivity

LoRa and Zigbee are born for totally different use cases. Based on the advantages of LoRa’s long-distance transmission, super anti-jamming ability, وانخفاض استهلاك الطاقة, its common application scenarios include smart cities, المنازل الذكية, المباني الذكية, smart environmental monitoring, smart measurement, الزراعة الذكية, smart farm, smart industry, smart retail, الخدمات اللوجستية الذكية, Intelligent fire protection, إلخ. لأكون دقيقا, Lora makes the application scenarios extend seamlessly from indoor to outdoor and even to the whole community.

The wide communication frequency band and short communication distance determine the implementation of Zigbee solution. Common application scenarios include smart home, smart measurement, الزراعة الذكية, smart energy, إلخ. Zigbee is more preferred in the automatic control and remote control field, and it formed an ecological chain of a certain scale in home automation and industrial field control. With the deepening of application, Zigbee’s own limitations make Zigbee products encounter a bottleneck. في نفس الوقت, LoRa is entering the IoT with strong momentum and becoming its strong rival.

لورا ضد زيجبي: what to choose for better connectivity

Comparing LoRa and Zigbee is like comparing apples and oranges. LoRa is superior to Zigbee in terms of range and power consumption. Zigbee is favored in short-range communication and indoor environment. As for which wireless technology is better to choose for IoT connectivity, it’s obvious that the result is based on usage. You can select the best according to your specific business needs.

For general purposes, LoRa is a far more effective option in case of IoT applications that require long distance transmission, انخفاض استهلاك الطاقة, large number of connections and location tracking. Typical applications include smart water meter reading, الزراعة الذكية, smart parking lot, تتبع المركبات, personnel location tracking, smart community and so on. LoRa can also be integrated with other technologies such as WiFi, بلوتوث, البيانات الكبيرة, and more to provide better connectivity.

في أثناء, Zigbee is also a reliable wireless network solution, which had a long standing history in the industrial field and is used for remote monitoring and control. It comes into being in response to the increasing demand for industrial automation for reliable wireless data transmission. The Zigbee mesh network solution will greatly improve the efficiency and interoperability of IoT devices.